Dome Rock oldest Islamic monument standing Muslim shrine built sacred stone "Foundation Stone" stone holiest site in Judaism
The Dome of the Rock is the oldest Islamic monument standing. It is a Muslim shrine that was built over a sacred stone, the "Foundation Stone". The stone is also the holiest site in Judaism, as well as a holy site in Islam. The edifice was built by Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik from 688 to 691 AD. The exterior mosaic were repaired in the Mamluk period, and then completely replaced in 1545 by Sulieman the Magnificent. At the same time the parapet wall with its inscription was built. The tiling was replaced again in 1956-62. The aluminum dome is covered with gold leaf. The Dome of the Chain is a free-standing dome located immediately to the east of the Dome of the Rock, on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. Located at the exact center of the sanctuary, it is one of the oldest structures in the compound. It was either built by the Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik in 691, like the Dome of the Rock, or prior to the Islamic rule in Jerusalem. The structure is of a domed hexagon with open arches surrounded by an eleven-sided polygon with eleven open arches. The Old City of Jerusalem and its Walls were declared a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1981.
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Photo credit: © Samuel Magal / Alamy / Afripics
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