Engineering and Contracting . count of the char-acter of the soil and the climate a slope ofonly % to 1 in earth cuts is necessary and ad-visable, I believe even steeper slopes wouldbe advisable as experimental; Y^ to 1 slopesare standing very satisfactorily. ROCK EXCAVATION. Methods of Usinp Explosives.—The line aslocated and the material afforded a splendidopportunity for the use of explosives. Much ofthe line was located in the side hills in loca- .\p ril 1. 1914. Engineering and Contracting 393 tions where heavy blasts would be made with-out endangering life or property. The properusing of
Engineering and Contracting . count of the char-acter of the soil and the climate a slope ofonly % to 1 in earth cuts is necessary and ad-visable, I believe even steeper slopes wouldbe advisable as experimental; Y^ to 1 slopesare standing very satisfactorily. ROCK EXCAVATION. Methods of Usinp Explosives.—The line aslocated and the material afforded a splendidopportunity for the use of explosives. Much ofthe line was located in the side hills in loca- .\p ril 1. 1914. Engineering and Contracting 393 tions where heavy blasts would be made with-out endangering life or property. The properusing of explosives, however, for moving earthhas been given, as a general thing, very littleattention. The experienced men that we em-ployed had only used explosives to shatter andbreak up the rock or hard soil, so that itcould be handled by either hand or steamjhovcls, and the old powder men at first triedto continue the use of that method. Muchvaluable time and good powder were wastedliefore we could so improve the use of powder. at the fire, ran back to the burning explosivesand while reaching for the dynamite in a bend-ing position, all the dynamite exploded, in-juring the man slightly around the body butdestroying both eyes. Regardless of all thefacts, a jury has given him damages for alarge sum. The first order for explosives was for aminimum carload of powder (400 kegs) andtwo tons of dynamite with sufficient fuse, caps,electric exploders and one No. 3 push downblasting machine. This was to be used on lower ditch line at points midway between theupper holes, so that there would be no ques-tion about moving the material out of will not change materially the amount ofpowder used, as one yard of soft rock shouldbe moved with about 2 lbs. of powder. Thesoft rock usually was a decomposed granite ora Carolina gneiss which was not hard to hard rock encountered was usually amica schist. This was very hard, and in thesecases the upper line of holes was placed onthe
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