. Cyclopedia of farm crops : a popular survey of crops and crop-making methods in the United States and Canada. Agriculture -- Canada; Agriculture -- United States; Farm produce -- Canada; Farm produce -- United States. n^' Fig. 12. Leaf of apple, showing blade, petiole, and small nar- row Fig. 13. A compound or branching leaf (Udo, a new vegetable from Japan, a species of aralia). The loaf at tlie left is iu three parts, each part again divided. woody cylinder. The conducting tissues are usu- ally definitely placed, and these we may consider further. The development of these mechan
. Cyclopedia of farm crops : a popular survey of crops and crop-making methods in the United States and Canada. Agriculture -- Canada; Agriculture -- United States; Farm produce -- Canada; Farm produce -- United States. n^' Fig. 12. Leaf of apple, showing blade, petiole, and small nar- row Fig. 13. A compound or branching leaf (Udo, a new vegetable from Japan, a species of aralia). The loaf at tlie left is iu three parts, each part again divided. woody cylinder. The conducting tissues are usu- ally definitely placed, and these we may consider further. The development of these mechanical tis- sues (for transportation and support) results ^^''11 in the formation of vessels, or systems of spe- cialized tissue in particular parts of the stem. Vessel-bearing plants are said to be vascular, in distinction from certain very low orders of plants in which no special tissues of this kind have been developed. It is well known that trees of temperate climates and very many other plants have a distinct and separable bark and that they increase in diameter by "rings" added on the woody cylin- der. On the other hand, palms, grasses, bananas and many other mostly herbaceous plants increase in diameter by means of tissues scattered through the stem; these plants do not make an annual ring, and they rarely branch extensively. The former kinds of plants were formerly called exogens, or outside- growers, and the latter endogens or inside-growers. These terms are now given up, however, as not expressing good anatomical distinctions. These classes of plants are now named from the cotyledon or seed-leaf characteristics,—the former having two leaves on the embryo plant, and called dicotyledons ; the latter having one leaf in the seed or embryo, and called monocotyle- dons. In most dicotyledonous plants we all recognize three fairly distinct parts of the stem, at least at some epoch in the life of the plant: the bark, the woody part, the pith. These parts are usually
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