. Railway maintenance engineering, with notes on construction . olumns, while the lower portion rests directlyon the foundation. The upper portion is sheathed with boilerplates. In the United States furnaces are worked up to 100 ft. best modern practice is, however, about 90 ft. high, witha product of 400 to 500 tons per day. The following dimensionsof the Gary furnaces are typical of the best practice. Theblast furnaces are 88 ft. in height from the tap hole to the topof the furnace lining, and the capacity of each is 450 tons perday. Each furnace has four blast stoves. The interior
. Railway maintenance engineering, with notes on construction . olumns, while the lower portion rests directlyon the foundation. The upper portion is sheathed with boilerplates. In the United States furnaces are worked up to 100 ft. best modern practice is, however, about 90 ft. high, witha product of 400 to 500 tons per day. The following dimensionsof the Gary furnaces are typical of the best practice. Theblast furnaces are 88 ft. in height from the tap hole to the topof the furnace lining, and the capacity of each is 450 tons perday. Each furnace has four blast stoves. The interior diameterof the blast furnace is 15 ft. at the hearth, 21^ ft. at a height 13to 21 ft. above the hearth, and 16 ft. at the top. The materials for smelting are iron ores, limestone (flux)and fuel. Charcoal was first used, and the iron from this fuelwas of excellent quality on account of the low ash and sulphurof the charcoal and its great porosity. It has so little strength,however, that its use in the modern high furnaces is prohibited. 118 RAILWAY MAINTENANCE. O cTo I usm s O tS3 03 O 00CO 6 RAILS 119 Coke is now generally used. Anthracite as a blast-furnacefuel is inclined to decrepitate and give trouble from its coal is not used, as it cakes and absorbs heat for dis-tillation of volatile constituents. At Gary,* between the stock pile and the furnace is a lineof elevated storage bins arranged in two parallel rows. Onerow is for coke and the other for ore and limestone. Above thebins are four tracks on which travel two 60-ton electric transfercars. The ore is loaded into the transfer cars by the buckets ofthe overhead ore bridges. The coke and limestone are broughtup over the bins by rail and deliver their load directly by gravity. At the bottom of the bins are spouts controlled by electric-ally operated gates, and below these are tracks which run thefull length of the bins. Traveling on these tracks are electricallyoperated lorries into which the ore, c
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