Explosives . isplacement in anothercylinder, and then strong alcohol. Thedisplacement take- three to six the water ha- been displaced, the-urplu- alcohol is removed from the nitro-cellulose by means of a hydraulic press. Atype of pressmuch used for this purpose in Germany i- Bhown in Pig. 55. Tt has two cylinder-, which swing round _ ther on one of the columns, so that whilst the content- of one are being pressed, the other can be emptied and rilled again. Washing with alcohol ha- the further advantage that it removes the unstable impurities to >ome at. According to Guttmann tin-
Explosives . isplacement in anothercylinder, and then strong alcohol. Thedisplacement take- three to six the water ha- been displaced, the-urplu- alcohol is removed from the nitro-cellulose by means of a hydraulic press. Atype of pressmuch used for this purpose in Germany i- Bhown in Pig. 55. Tt has two cylinder-, which swing round _ ther on one of the columns, so that whilst the content- of one are being pressed, the other can be emptied and rilled again. Washing with alcohol ha- the further advantage that it removes the unstable impurities to >ome at. According to Guttmann tin- device of displacing water by alcohol was used in Austria in 1891, hut the invention ha- been claimed for Messier, oieur dea Poudres el Salpetres, in 1892. In this year a patent was also taken out for it in England by The oitro-cellulose i- incorporated with the solvent in a machine which 1 Mo |p. L:).t. Vennin, Poudres <t Explotifs, p. 394; Bui- ;.. :;:. Brit. 1at. 20,880 of Nov. IT. L892. Pn • - far Alcoholized Nitro-cellulose SLOW-BURNING SMOKELESS POWDERS 293 is constructed on the same principles as the kneading machines used in bakeries(sec Pigs. 56, 57). It consists of a trough, in which two curved blades rotatein opposite directions, one twice as fast as the other, Loth going Hownwardsin the centre of the trough and upwards by the walls. First, some of thesolvent is poured in to moisten the axles and blades, then the nitrocelluloseand ..thci materials, and finally more solvent. The incorporator is thenstarted and kept running for some hours until the constituents of the powder
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