. Surgery, its principles and practice . terizing, Direct Method, Lens and Water Medium).o, a, Ureter catheter; 6, cock; c, obturator. to the light and graceful ones of precision and wide application of thepresent day; provided with brilliant lamps that do not get hot and meansfor maintaining a clear field for observation and work. Modern cystoscopes have certain general features in common, andalso points of essential difference. Theyare intended to fulfil different purposes:some for observation of the bladdermerely; others for catheterization of theureters; and still others for the pur-pose o
. Surgery, its principles and practice . terizing, Direct Method, Lens and Water Medium).o, a, Ureter catheter; 6, cock; c, obturator. to the light and graceful ones of precision and wide application of thepresent day; provided with brilliant lamps that do not get hot and meansfor maintaining a clear field for observation and work. Modern cystoscopes have certain general features in common, andalso points of essential difference. Theyare intended to fulfil different purposes:some for observation of the bladdermerely; others for catheterization of theureters; and still others for the pur-pose of operating within the bladderand ureters. Some are used with airas a distending medium, while othersare used only with water for that purpose. Of the various cystoscopes on themarket at the present time, the mostprominent are those made under the names of Nitze,^^ Brenner, Casper,^ Albarran, Tilden Brown,^^ Bierhoff,^^and Bransford Lewis.^^^®^ Without going into detailed descriptionsof these, their principal features may be Fig. 153.—Albarrans Lever for Ureter Catheter.
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