. Plants and their uses; an introduction to botany . ets have dis-appeared, leaving only the .stiff thorn-like rachis and the toothedstipules, C, flower. (Taubert.)—A shrub .30-60 cm. tall; flowersyellow; pod, small, one-seeded. Native home, Southwestern Asia. The jelh-like constituent of the lichen called Iceland moss(Fig. 161) is a carbohydrate known as lichenin or lichen-starch (Ci.,H2„0]„). It is in cold water but be-comes dissolved upon boiling, and forms a jelly when is almost if not quite identical with the gelatinousconstituent of carrageen or Irish moss (Fig
. Plants and their uses; an introduction to botany . ets have dis-appeared, leaving only the .stiff thorn-like rachis and the toothedstipules, C, flower. (Taubert.)—A shrub .30-60 cm. tall; flowersyellow; pod, small, one-seeded. Native home, Southwestern Asia. The jelh-like constituent of the lichen called Iceland moss(Fig. 161) is a carbohydrate known as lichenin or lichen-starch (Ci.,H2„0]„). It is in cold water but be-comes dissolved upon boiling, and forms a jelly when is almost if not quite identical with the gelatinousconstituent of carrageen or Irish moss (Fig. 118) which wehave alreadv studied. The chief remedial constituent found 106 MEDICINAL AND POISONOUS PLANTS in the root of the Hcorice plant (Fio-. 162) is a bitter-sweet,yellowish compound forming a jelly with water. The astringents present in vegetable drugs, or extractedfrom them, are various tannins, significant properties ofwhich have already been described in section 57. As ex-amples of drugs used more or less for their astringency may. Fig. 15S.—Marshmallow (Althwa officinalis. Mallow Family, Malvacecp).Flowering top. (Baillon.)—A perennial herb about 1 m. tall, downythroughout; leaves pale purplish; fruit dry. Native home, EasternEurope. here be mentioned the root of rhubarb (Fig. 163) and thebark and leaves of witch-hazel (Fig. 164), from both of whichfluid extracts and other medicinal preparations are examples of fixed oils much used in medicine for theirlubricating or soothing effect, there are in common use the NON-POISONOUS DRUGS 16: expressed oil of almond, olive-oil, and the oil of cacao seedknown as cacao butter, already studied for their food value(in sections 33 and 39); and to these may now be added castor-oil and the oily drug lycopodium. Castor-oil, obtained fromthe seeds of the castor-oil plant (Fig. 165), is believed notto be taken up b} the digestive tract as a food, but to owe its
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectbotany, bookyear1913
