. Comparative anatomy of vertebrates. Anatomy, Comparative; Vertebrates. Fov Fiu. 83.—SKDLL OF COLUBIUNE SNAKE (Tropidonotus natrix), dorsal and ventral views. Ay, angular; Art, articular; Bp, basioccipital; /?*, basisphenoid ; Ch, internal nostrils ; 6'o»v, occipital condyle ; Dt, dentary ; E/h, ethmoid ; F, frontal ; Fl, postorbital ; For, fenestra ovalis; //, optic foramen ; M, maxilla ; N, nasal; 01, exoccipital ; Ovp, supraoccipital; P, parietal ; Pe, periotic ; Pf, prefrontal ; PI, palatine ; , premaxilla ; Pt, pterygoid ; Qu, quadrate ; SA, supra-angular ; Sqn, s(juamosal; Tx, tran
. Comparative anatomy of vertebrates. Anatomy, Comparative; Vertebrates. Fov Fiu. 83.—SKDLL OF COLUBIUNE SNAKE (Tropidonotus natrix), dorsal and ventral views. Ay, angular; Art, articular; Bp, basioccipital; /?*, basisphenoid ; Ch, internal nostrils ; 6'o»v, occipital condyle ; Dt, dentary ; E/h, ethmoid ; F, frontal ; Fl, postorbital ; For, fenestra ovalis; //, optic foramen ; M, maxilla ; N, nasal; 01, exoccipital ; Ovp, supraoccipital; P, parietal ; Pe, periotic ; Pf, prefrontal ; PI, palatine ; , premaxilla ; Pt, pterygoid ; Qu, quadrate ; SA, supra-angular ; Sqn, s(juamosal; Tx, transpalatine ; \ro, vomer. other characters in which they differ from the majority of Snakes, the facial bones are immovably connected with the cranium, and there is no transpalatine. Chelonia (Fig. 84).—The chondrocranium essentially re- sembles that of Li/an Is and Crocodiles, and much of the naso-ethmoidal cartilage persists. There is a large supraoccipital crest and usually a lower temporal arcade or jugal arch, except in certain cases where the paraquadrate ("quadrato-jugal") is wanting. The nearly vertical quadrate, which is grooved pos- teriorly for the columella auris, is very firmly united with the neighbouring bones, and above it is a squamosal. There are no separate nasals or lacrymals, their position being taken by a " pre- ; The parietals do not unite. The orbit is completely. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Wiedersheim, Robert, 1848-1923; Parker, W. N. (William Newton), d. 1923. London, Macmillan and co. , limited
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