. Farm implements, and the principles of their construction and use; an elementary and familiar treatise on mechanics, and on natural philosophy generally, as applied to the ordinary practices of agriculture ... ability and ease of working those formerly con-structed of wood, and excel allothers in cheapness. Fig. 168exhibits the working of the com-mon pump, the water first pass-ing through the fixed valve be-low, and then through the onein the piston; both opening up-ward, it can not flow back with-out instantly shutting water is driven up by thepressure of the atmosphere, ex-plained
. Farm implements, and the principles of their construction and use; an elementary and familiar treatise on mechanics, and on natural philosophy generally, as applied to the ordinary practices of agriculture ... ability and ease of working those formerly con-structed of wood, and excel allothers in cheapness. Fig. 168exhibits the working of the com-mon pump, the water first pass-ing through the fixed valve be-low, and then through the onein the piston; both opening up-ward, it can not flow back with-out instantly shutting water is driven up by thepressure of the atmosphere, ex-plained in the next chapter. The most perfect pump, per-haps, in present use,is the best-construct-ed Chain Pump, across-section of oneof which is hereshown (Fig. 169).The chain is madeto revolve rapidly on the angular wheel bymeans of a winch attached to the upper one,and being furnished with a regular succes-sion of metallic discs which nearly fit thebore in the tube, «, the water is carried upin large quantities. When the motion isdiscontinued, the water settles down againinto the well, and consequently this pump isnot liable to accident by freezing. Bysweeping rapidly through the water, it pre- Chain PumP-. Fig. 169. Common Pump : b, lower or fixedvalve, G, piston with valve, a,opening upward; D d, piston-rod ; F, spout. 200 HYDRODYNAMICS. serves it in better condition, and prevents friction being very small, it will last a long timewithout wearing out. THE WATER-RAM. One of the most ingenious and useful machines forelevating water is the Water-ram. It might be em-ployed with great advantage on many farms, were itsprinciple and mode of action more generally means of a small stream, with only a few feet fall,a current of water may be driven to an elevation offifty to a hundred feet above, and conveyed on a higherlevel to pasture-fields for irrigation, or to cattle-yardsfor supplying drink to domestic animals, or to the kitch-en of dwellings for culinar
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1850, bookpublishernewyo, bookyear1854
