. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. THE TRACHEA. 1081 Structure of the Wall of the Trachea.—The walls of the trachea and bronchi are composed of (1) a fibro-elastic membrane in which the cartilaginous rings are embedded; (2) within this, and on the dorsal aspect of the tube, a layer of muscular tissue, termed the museums trachealis; and (3) the lining mucous membrane. The fibro-elastic membrane is strong and dense, and, passing round the whole circum- ference of the tube, becomes continuous above with the perichondrium which invests the cricoid cartilage. Embedded in its substance ar
. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. THE TRACHEA. 1081 Structure of the Wall of the Trachea.—The walls of the trachea and bronchi are composed of (1) a fibro-elastic membrane in which the cartilaginous rings are embedded; (2) within this, and on the dorsal aspect of the tube, a layer of muscular tissue, termed the museums trachealis; and (3) the lining mucous membrane. The fibro-elastic membrane is strong and dense, and, passing round the whole circum- ference of the tube, becomes continuous above with the perichondrium which invests the cricoid cartilage. Embedded in its substance are the series of cartilaginous rings. These vary in number from 15 to 20, and are composed of hyaline cartilage. They are horseshoe-shaped, the dorsal fourth of the circumference being deficient, so that dorsally each ring ends in two rounded extremities. The outer surface of the tracheal ring- is flat and even, and does not project much beyond the level of the membrane in which Spinal medulla -—Trachea «-- CEsophagus .- 4 th thoracic vertebra .-•Innominate artery ..-Left common carotid Left innominate vein. Manubrium sterni Synchondrosis """sternalis Right pulmonary artery Pericardial cavity Left atrium Aortic valve Body of sternum Right atrio- ventricular valve Wall of right ventricle CSsophagus aphragm Descending aorta W} 1 tjp » ' I Xiphoid process -, Liver ' / Fig. 860.—Sagittal Section through the Thorax of an Old Man. The superior border of the manubrium sterni and the bifurcation of the trachea are lower than in the average adult. it is embedded; the inner surface, however, is convex in the vertical direction, and consequently it bulges slightly into the lumen of the tube. The intervals between the rings are somewhat narrower than the rings themselves, and neighbouring rings frequently show a more or less complete fusion, whilst others present other irregularities, such as a tendency to bifurcate. The lowermost ring is specially adapted to the tr
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectanatomy, bookyear1914
