Clinical tuberculosis . Fig. 45.—Showing the movements of the diaphragm and thoracic and ahdominal walls as well as the change in position of the intrathoracic and intra-abdominal viscera when combined thoracic and abdominal breathing are ] ronounced. The movements are from the solid lines on exi)iration to the broken lines of inspiration. (Hasse.) aphragm compresses and squeezes the abdominal viscera and inthis way forces the blood from the intra-abdominal organs. Thiseffect is all the more important because the thoracic cavity isbeing enlarged at the same time as the compressing force is bei
Clinical tuberculosis . Fig. 45.—Showing the movements of the diaphragm and thoracic and ahdominal walls as well as the change in position of the intrathoracic and intra-abdominal viscera when combined thoracic and abdominal breathing are ] ronounced. The movements are from the solid lines on exi)iration to the broken lines of inspiration. (Hasse.) aphragm compresses and squeezes the abdominal viscera and inthis way forces the blood from the intra-abdominal organs. Thiseffect is all the more important because the thoracic cavity isbeing enlarged at the same time as the compressing force is being 300 COMPENSATORY CHANGES IN TUBERCULOSIS exerted. Fig. 45 the type of combined thoracic anddiaphragmatic breathing in which the compressing abdominalforce is more than in the thoracic but less than in the diaphrag-matic The importance of the diaphragm as a muscle of respirationmay be inferred from Fig. 46, which represents a sagittal sec-. Fig. 46.—Sagittal section of the body showing the relationship of the diaphragm to thepericardium, particularly showing the importance of the crus, with its attachment to thelow lumbar vertebrae, the contraction of which markedly enlarges the entire thoracic crus is the portion which secures its innervation from the cervical segments of thespinal cord through the phrenics. (Wenckebach.) tion through the body made in such a manner as to show thecrus with its attachments to the lumbar vertebrae. Contractionof this portion of the diaphragm exerts a very marked force onthe al)dominal contents. When the diaphragm contracts the intra-alxldiiiinal pressure is increased and tlie abdominal muscles are INSPIRATORY ACT AND CIRCULATION 301 pushed outward carrying the lower central arch with them, andat the same time other muscles of inspiration contract and raisethe ribs. The result of this action is shown in Fig. 47. The effect of lessening the diaphragmatic action is shown inPig. 60
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