. Civil war and reconstruction in Alabama . y nnd ) j! tlie Unitud jStafias of to maintaip ih j (.uiibtita-tion Ivor :iiid tii« of tlie laws ; to sustaai tlic^ CoiJKi<--ii0; till. Ciiiieil . iupnttmf, doivii thi ontiMUd ot Uuvoru-tniiiit ; to tliwurt thfi of tviiiiuic ;iiid ^il^l()V■aii^ts ; siiid Ui pro-tec;. \.- Il !!. Ill- vi:;i-l, i,...y li,;:lfi- l,i< iv<l;;lili-!:i(( Byfi:!!;-!.!! ;!,- : Cuni,lini-tiU:. . 1 !! . t.:- (<:.-il i .!; (H*


. Civil war and reconstruction in Alabama . y nnd ) j! tlie Unitud jStafias of to maintaip ih j (.uiibtita-tion Ivor :iiid tii« of tlie laws ; to sustaai tlic^ CoiJKi<--ii0; till. Ciiiieil . iupnttmf, doivii thi ontiMUd ot Uuvoru-tniiiit ; to tliwurt thfi of tviiiiuic ;iiid ^il^l()V■aii^ts ; siiid Ui pro-tec;. \.- Il !!. Ill- vi:;i-l, i,...y li,;:lfi- l,i< iv<l;;lili-!:i(( Byfi:!!;-!.!! ;!,- : Cuni,lini-tiU:. . 1 !! . t.:- (<:.-il i .!; (H* COl.!J)PyUi :i,i. ■ Jill ■ . ■■ 111: .1- 1-. mi$- -■■ *^: .11 . „::e,uullt;d toiaa iiuuiy ivprc-oi-uta- * ,_. ...1^1-•::.->, and Facsimile of Page from Union League Constitution. ORGANIZATION AND METHODS 567 For two years, 1867-1869, the League was the machine in theRadical party, and its leaders formed the ring that controlled partyaction. Nominations for office were regularly made by the local andstate councils. It is said that there were stormy times in the councilswhen there were more carpet-baggers than offices to be filled. Thedefeated candidate was apt to run as an independent, and in orderto be elected would sell himself to the whites. This practice resultedin a weakening of the influence of the machine, as the members weresworn to support the regular nominee, and the negroes believed thatthe terrible penalties would be inflicted upon the political officers would go among the negroes and show their commissions,which they pretended were orders from General Swayne or GeneralGrant


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