. Cyclopedia of farm crops. Farm produce; Agriculture. 422 MAIZE MAIZE This part is poor in both protein and oil, consisting mainly of starch. (Fig. 644.) (3) The germ itself, which occupies the central part of the kernel toward the tip end. This is very rich in oil. More than four-fifths of the entire oil of the kernel resides in the germ. It is also rich. Fig. 64S. Kernels. On tlie left, high-oil kernels (large germs); on the right, low-oil kernels (small germs). in protein, containing nearly one-fifth of all the protein in the kernel, although the germ itself constitutes only about one-tent
. Cyclopedia of farm crops. Farm produce; Agriculture. 422 MAIZE MAIZE This part is poor in both protein and oil, consisting mainly of starch. (Fig. 644.) (3) The germ itself, which occupies the central part of the kernel toward the tip end. This is very rich in oil. More than four-fifths of the entire oil of the kernel resides in the germ. It is also rich. Fig. 64S. Kernels. On tlie left, high-oil kernels (large germs); on the right, low-oil kernels (small germs). in protein, containing nearly one-fifth of all the protein in the kernel, although the germ itself constitutes only about one-tenth of the weight of the kernel. (Fig. 645.) In selecting seed corn by mechanical examination for improvement in composition, we remove from the ear a few average kernels, cut them into cross- sections, preferably near the tip end of the kernel (see longitudinal sections), and these sec- tions as they are cut, usually simply with the naked eye, selecting for seed those ears the kernels of which show the qualities desired. Samples for analysis. In order that the breeder may know what he has accomplished in his work of mechanical selection, he should have an analysis made of two composite samples representing each of the two lots of ears ; that is, the selected lot and the rejected lot. One composite sample should be made by taking ten average kernels from each of the selected ears (ninety-six ears preferred) and another sample by taking ten average kernels from each of the rejected ears (100 ears or more). Each of these two samples should be put into a separate sack, properly labeled, and sent to the chemist for analysis. Of course, if the breeder desires to breed for physical type and increased yield only, then no chemical analysis is needed, and all that is necessary to begin work is to select the ninety-six most nearly perfect ears obtainable for the breeding plot. Size of breeding plot. The best number of ears to use in a breeding plot is as yet an unsettled question.
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