. Factory and industrial management. ppi River and the Atlantic that theproposed Isthmian waterway would be beneficial to the roads undertheir control. But no such agreement was found among the managers of thelines west of the Mississippi, and some of them, believing that thecanal would work injury of the most serious character to the businessof the transcontinental roads, have striven by every available means toprevent, or delay to the utmost, the legislation necessary to authorizeits construction. A Transportation Paradox. The controlling effect of waterwaysupon the rates of competing railwa
. Factory and industrial management. ppi River and the Atlantic that theproposed Isthmian waterway would be beneficial to the roads undertheir control. But no such agreement was found among the managers of thelines west of the Mississippi, and some of them, believing that thecanal would work injury of the most serious character to the businessof the transcontinental roads, have striven by every available means toprevent, or delay to the utmost, the legislation necessary to authorizeits construction. A Transportation Paradox. The controlling effect of waterwaysupon the rates of competing railways is conceded by every one whohas given the slightest attention to the subject. This control arisesfrom the fact that the carriage of freight by water costs so much lessthan carriage by rail—the average rate per ton-mile on the GreatLakes, for instance, being about one-tenth of the corresponding rateon the railways of the United States. As the Isthmian canal wouldaffect a greater volumne of railway traffic than any other waterway. 583 584 THE ENGINEERING MAGAZINE. every constructed or proposed—with the possible exception of a shipcanal from the Great Lakes to the Hudson River—it becomes a matterof the utmost importance to determine, so far as this can be donebeforehand, just what effect will be produced thereby. While thecontrolling effect of competing waterways on railv/ay rates has beengenerally recognized, another effect, of equal or greater importance,has been almost completely overlooked. For, paradoxical as it seems,waterways are not only the most powerful possible regulators ofrailway rates, but are also the most powerful possible promoters of theprosperity of railways with which they compete. The best thing that could happen to every railway in the UnitedStates—or elsewhere, for that matter—would be to have a waterwayparalleling every mile of its track, and the deeper the waterway,within reasonable limits, the greater would be the benefit derived bythe railwa
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