Neodymium (Nd). Diagram of the nuclear composition, electron configuration, chemical data, and valence orbitals of an atom of neodymium-144 (atomic nu


Neodymium (Nd). Diagram of the nuclear composition, electron configuration, chemical data, and valence orbitals of an atom of neodymium-144 (atomic number: 60), an isotope of this element. The nucleus consists of 60 protons (red) and 84 neutrons (orange). 60 electrons (white) successively occupy available electron shells (rings). Neodymium is a lanthanide in period 6, and the f-block of the periodic table. It melts at 1024 degrees Celsius. The trend across the lanthanide series arises from the failure of electrons filling an inner f-subshell (here, within the 4th ring) to shield outer (valence) electrons from increasing nuclear charge.


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