. The chordates. Chordata. ir,8 Comparative Morphology of Chordates anurans, the "Goliath frog," the total length of head and trunk is about 12 inches. The Anura are divided into several (Noble makes 11) families whose many species make up the great majority, perhaps nine tenths, of the species of amphibians. The common toad, Bufo americanus, is of the Family Bufonidae. The Family Banidae includes many of the more common frogs of the northern hemisphere—Rana clami- tans, the green frog; B. pipiens, the leopard frog; B. catesbiana, the aquatic bullfrog. The Family Hylidae includes tre
. The chordates. Chordata. ir,8 Comparative Morphology of Chordates anurans, the "Goliath frog," the total length of head and trunk is about 12 inches. The Anura are divided into several (Noble makes 11) families whose many species make up the great majority, perhaps nine tenths, of the species of amphibians. The common toad, Bufo americanus, is of the Family Bufonidae. The Family Banidae includes many of the more common frogs of the northern hemisphere—Rana clami- tans, the green frog; B. pipiens, the leopard frog; B. catesbiana, the aquatic bullfrog. The Family Hylidae includes tree frogs (or tree toads), noted for their ability to change color—, Hyla versicolor. Order Apoda (Gymnophiona) This smallest of amphibian orders includes animals which might easily, at first glance, be mistaken for small snakes or for earthworms. :mm^ Fig. 355. Siphonops, one of the Apoda. (Courtesy, Brehm: "Tierleben," Leipzig, Bibliographisches Institut.) 10 or 12 inches long (Fig. 355). Their amphibian nature is revealed by the fact that most of them pass through the typical larval stage of amphibians. A metamorphosis takes place, during which the three pairs of external gills are absorbed, the clefts are closed, and the tail is nearly or quite absorbed so that the cloacal aperture of the adult is at or very near the hind end of the long cylindric body. No trace of legs appears in either adult or larva. In some members of the Order the larval stage is omitted. It is a noteworthy fact that the embryonic pharyngeal pouches of the most anterior pair, corresponding to those which become the spiracles of sharks, are temporarily open to the exterior in the larva. So far as known, this does not occur in other. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Rand, Herbert W. (Herbert Wilbur), 187
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