. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. 484 ANGIOSPERMAE—MONOCOTYLEDONES 2880. L. Hostii Desv. (=L. flavescens Gaud).—There is no intermittence in this markedly protogynous species. The tips of the yellow-green stigmas, beset with transparent papillae, project from the perianth while it is still firmly closed. This female stage lasts 3-4 days, the perianth then opens in the form of a star and the flower is hermaphrodite for some hours. 2881. L. Forsteri DC.—There is no intermittence in this specie
. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. 484 ANGIOSPERMAE—MONOCOTYLEDONES 2880. L. Hostii Desv. (=L. flavescens Gaud).—There is no intermittence in this markedly protogynous species. The tips of the yellow-green stigmas, beset with transparent papillae, project from the perianth while it is still firmly closed. This female stage lasts 3-4 days, the perianth then opens in the form of a star and the flower is hermaphrodite for some hours. 2881. L. Forsteri DC.—There is no intermittence in this species. After a purely female stage lasting 4-5 days, the perianth opens for some hours; the anthers then dehisce, and finally, after 5-6 hours, the flower closes again. The stigmas are white, pale-yellowish or greenish in colour. Schulz (' Beitrage,' II, p. 171) states that in North Italy the flowers show all stages from marked to feeble protogyny. 2882. L. glabrata Desv.—No intermittence can be observed in this species. The flowers are first female with closed perianth for 1-3 days. Then the perianth opens for 24 hours at the most. When it closes again the papillae of the white stigmas shrivel. 2883. L. lutea DC—The pale golden- yellow flowers of this Alpine species are female 1-2 days, the perianth then opening and a her- maphrodite stage of 2-4 days' length following. After 3-4 days the pale greenish-white stigmas, beset with short velvety papillae, are no longer receptive, so that the flowers are ultimately purely male. During the hermaphrodite stage there is ample opportunity for autogamy or geitonogamy, the pollen being shaken about in clouds, and rolling down to flowers situated lower, or reaching the stigmas of adjacent flowers by direct contact of the anthers. Hermann Miiller ('Alpenblumen,' pp. 38-9), however, states that protogyny scarcely exists; the stigmas are not completely mature when the flower begins to open, and are only receptive when it is entirely so
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