. A practical treatise on medical diagnosis for students and physicians . ence are diastolicor second sounds. Character of the Souxds. The systolic sounds are prolonged,somewhat dull in character, low in pitch, and resemble the sound producedby pronouncing the syllable ubb. The diastolic sounds are short, sharp,and quick, and resemble the sound produced by pronouncing the syllable dupp. The syllables ubb and dujjp indicate the character of the soundsin health. Modifications in the intensity of the sounds are due to changesin the tension of the valve-curtains, and are dependent upon the force o
. A practical treatise on medical diagnosis for students and physicians . ence are diastolicor second sounds. Character of the Souxds. The systolic sounds are prolonged,somewhat dull in character, low in pitch, and resemble the sound producedby pronouncing the syllable ubb. The diastolic sounds are short, sharp,and quick, and resemble the sound produced by pronouncing the syllable dupp. The syllables ubb and dujjp indicate the character of the soundsin health. Modifications in the intensity of the sounds are due to changesin the tension of the valve-curtains, and are dependent upon the force of 28 434 PHYSICAL DIAGNOSIS OF DISEASES OF THE HEART, ETC. muscular contraction, which, if strong, renders the valves more and the results of disease have aided in proving these of Maximum Intensity. In general the first soundsare loudest at the lower part of the prsecordia, the second at the we especially distinguish the independent valve-elements that makeup the systolic and the diastolic sounds in the foUoAving manner : The. Areas of cardiac murmurs (Gairdner for the areas ; and Luschka for the anatomy). The out-lines of organs, which are partialy invisible in the dissection, are indicated by very fine dottedlines; while the areas of propagation of valvular murmurs, as described in the text, have beenroughly marked by additional much coarser dotted and interrupted lines—the character of thedots being different in each of the four areas, A capital letter marks each area— A, the circleof mitral murmurs corresponding with the left apex ; B, the irregular space indicating the ordinarylimits of diffusion of aortic murmurs, corresponding mainly with the wholesternum, and extend-ing into the neck along the course of the arteries; C, the broad and somewhat diffused areaoccupied by tricuspid murmurs, and corresponding generally with the right ventricle; D, the cir-cumscribed circular area over which pulmonic murmurs are commonly hea
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