. Island life : or, the phenomena and causes of insular faunas and floras, including a revision and attempted solution of the problem of geological climates . Azores, they arevolcanic, but they are much more extensive, the islandsbeing both larger and more numerous; while volcanicaction has been so recent that a large portion of theirsurface consists of barren lava-fields. They are considerablyless distant from a continent than either the Azores orBermuda, being about 600 miles from the west coast ofSouth America and a little more than 700 from Veragua,with the small Cocos Islands intervening;
. Island life : or, the phenomena and causes of insular faunas and floras, including a revision and attempted solution of the problem of geological climates . Azores, they arevolcanic, but they are much more extensive, the islandsbeing both larger and more numerous; while volcanicaction has been so recent that a large portion of theirsurface consists of barren lava-fields. They are considerablyless distant from a continent than either the Azores orBermuda, being about 600 miles from the west coast ofSouth America and a little more than 700 from Veragua,with the small Cocos Islands intervening; and they aresituated on the equator instead of being in the north tem-perate zone. They stand upon a deeply submerged bank,the 1,000 fathom line encircling all the more importantislands at a few miles distance, whence there appears to bea comparatively steep descent all round to the averagedepth of that portion of the Pacific, between 2,000 and3,000 fathoms. T 2 276 ISLAND LIFE i»ART n The whole group occupies a space of about 300 by 200miles. It consists of five large and twelve small islands ;the largest (Albemarle Island) being about eighty miles. MAP OF THE GALAPAGOS AND ADJACENT COASTS OF SOUTH AMERICA. The light tint shows where the sea is less than 1,000 fathoms figures show the depth in fathoms. long and of very irregular shape, while the four next inimportance—Chatham, Indefatigable, James, and Nar-borough Islands, are each about twenty-five or thirty miles CHAP. XIII THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS 277 long, and of a rounded or elongate form. The whole areentirely volcanic, and in the western islands there arcnumerous active volcanoes. Unlike the other groups ofislands we have been considering, these are situated in a It— 92| all 901 881 — ,200 0 HI 2000-^ ^^^^M ^^^^ ^ iS™«=^ T i^^ ■^™ ^^^F>^«>^^ Ill ^m 1- — ^ ^. A o !■ m ^^^^ teQQP-- 1 T zr^zz ^M B 1 T 9E\ ■ 9I| 90| 89| _ MAP OF THE GALAPAGOS. The light tint shows a depth of less than 1,000
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Keywords: ., bookauthorwallacealfredrussel18, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910
