. Electron microscopy; proceedings of the Stockholm Conference, September, 1956. Electron microscopy. How to Prepare Ullralhin Sections of Tissue Cullures V. Dost A L Bi'hiins^-Werke, Marhiiii; a. d. La/in. and the Department of Hyj^'icne, Alhert-Liidwii^, Freihioi,' i. Br. Owing to improvements in method, tissue cultures have in recent years become of growing importance for the cuUure of viruses, for the quantitative deter- mination of infectiosity, for carrying out neutrah/a- tion tests, and for the morphological study of multi- plication processes. In addition, they are being
. Electron microscopy; proceedings of the Stockholm Conference, September, 1956. Electron microscopy. How to Prepare Ullralhin Sections of Tissue Cullures V. Dost A L Bi'hiins^-Werke, Marhiiii; a. d. La/in. and the Department of Hyj^'icne, Alhert-Liidwii^, Freihioi,' i. Br. Owing to improvements in method, tissue cultures have in recent years become of growing importance for the cuUure of viruses, for the quantitative deter- mination of infectiosity, for carrying out neutrah/a- tion tests, and for the morphological study of multi- plication processes. In addition, they are being used for diagnoses and for the production of vaccines. In recent years I have worked on the culture of viruses, especially the poliomyelitis virus and the vaccine virus. The basic materials used were monkey and calf kidneys which I prepared for the examina- tion in the electron microscope. The tissues treated (1,5) in culture bottles grow into a cell outgrowth predominantly in monolayers at the bottom of the container within a few days. Various methods as to how to produce ultrathin sections are already known. D. C. Stuart (4) specified a method in which the embedding, the poly- merization, takes place directly at the cell attached to the tube. C. G. Harford, A. Hamlin, and E. Parker (2) have the tissue grow on a formvar foil, after- wards embedding the latter. I chose to make a sedi- ment of tissue cultures which I obtained from full- grown, normal, and infected cultures. For preparing the sediment I used such tissues as are normally developed in producing poliomyelitis vaccine. The tissues were partly not infected, partly they displayed a certain state of virus multiplication within the cell. The tissue to be examined by electron microsocpy is processed up to its being embedded in the culture bottle, it is fixed with a solution of I "o phosphate-butTered osmium tetroxide (according to Sjostrand). In order to remove cell detritus, the cell surfaces were previously ri
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