. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Botany; Botany. 176 H. KROG & T. D. V. SWINSCOW numerous, slender, up to 5 mm long. Upper cortex emaculate, fragile and flaking, sometimes with laminal cilia. Medulla with an unevenly distributed pale pink pigment. Underside smooth, shiny, black, with a brown marginal zone, rhizines sparse. Laminal pustules and open dactyls present, dissolving into corticate granules, soredia rare. Apothecia and pycnidia not found in East African material. (According to Hale (1965) the apothecia are imperforate with spores 24-28 x 10-12 jum.) TLC: echinoc
. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Botany; Botany. 176 H. KROG & T. D. V. SWINSCOW numerous, slender, up to 5 mm long. Upper cortex emaculate, fragile and flaking, sometimes with laminal cilia. Medulla with an unevenly distributed pale pink pigment. Underside smooth, shiny, black, with a brown marginal zone, rhizines sparse. Laminal pustules and open dactyls present, dissolving into corticate granules, soredia rare. Apothecia and pycnidia not found in East African material. (According to Hale (1965) the apothecia are imperforate with spores 24-28 x 10-12 jum.) TLC: echinocarpic acid, protolichesterinic acid, pigment, atranorin. Parmelia cryptoxantha is a species of shady, moist habitats in the lower montane forest. We have collected it between 1550 and 2100 m altitude in Kenya and Tanzania. Outside our area it is known from Madagascar and Natal (Hale, 1965). East African records Kenya. Central Province, Kirinyaga District, Mt Kenya, Irangi Forest Station, 5K4/7; 2 km NW of Irangi Forest Station near River Ena, K 48/127. Eastern Province, Meru District, Mt Kenya, E side, on track to Themwe, 3K 15/111; Mt Kenya, NE slope, Chigora track, Ryvarden 11640 (O). Western Province, Kakamega District, Kakamega Forest, 0*5 km SW of forest station, 4K 9/106. Tanzania. Northern Province, Arusha District, Arusha National Park, near Ngurdoto Gate, T 6/109. 14. Parmelia defecta Hale Fig. 7 Contr. natn. Herb. 36 (5): 244 (1965).—Parmotrema defectum (Hale) Hale, Phytologia 28 : 335 (1974). Type: Natal, District Bergville, Cathedral Peak area, Indumeni Forest, leg. O. Almborn 8934 (LD—holotype). [TLC: lecanoric acid, atranorin.] Thallus saxicolous, coriaceous, adnate and strongly attached, pale grey, darker grey towards the centre. Lobes 0'5-L5cm broad, rounded or irregularly incised, eciliate, flat or with revolute margins. Upper cortex emaculate, shiny, finely cracked in older parts. Medulla white. Underside black, with a brown marginal zone, matt and ru
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