. Military and religious life in the Middle Ages and at the period of the Renaissance. Good-natured became members of the royal monastery of St. Denis underthe title of conscript brothers (fratrcs comcripti)—^ academical ratherthan a religious title, but one which nevertheless admitted them to certainliturgical privileges. The Emperor Lothair, in imitation of his father andancestor, also got himself invested with this title by the monastery ofSt. Martin-lez-Metz. The Norman invasion, the feudal wars, the encroachment of the greatvassals, and even of the kings, upon ecclesiastical domains and r
. Military and religious life in the Middle Ages and at the period of the Renaissance. Good-natured became members of the royal monastery of St. Denis underthe title of conscript brothers (fratrcs comcripti)—^ academical ratherthan a religious title, but one which nevertheless admitted them to certainliturgical privileges. The Emperor Lothair, in imitation of his father andancestor, also got himself invested with this title by the monastery ofSt. Martin-lez-Metz. The Norman invasion, the feudal wars, the encroachment of the greatvassals, and even of the kings, upon ecclesiastical domains and rights,impoverished the monastic orders, whose lands remained untilled for want ofhands, and their schoolrooms often empty for want of teachers and the Normans burnt and pillaged the monasteries, fortified though 316 THE RELIGIOUS ORDERS. many of them were, in the country districts, the urban abbeys, nearlyalways protected by the diocesan power, preserved some remnants of theirformer splendour. There existed between the principal abbeys of the same order a spirit of. Fig. 245.—Foundation of the secular abbeys of Mom, Maubeuge, and Nivelles. The canonessesmeeting at Nivelles, where Walcand, Bishop of Liege (810 to 832 or 836), promises to givethem a code of rules.—From the Chroniques de Hainaut, Manuscript of the FifteenthCentury, in the Burgundian Library, Brussels. unity, a brotherly zeal to render help and service, and a reciprocal inter-change of learned and skilful clerks, who went from one community toanother to give it the benefit of their learning or manual ability. It wasm this way that the conventual churches and buildings were erected andkept in repair; that they became rich in paintings, statues, and mosaics;that the treasury was filled, and the library founded and maintained. THE RELIGIOUS ORDERS. 37 Rupert, a monk of the Abbey of St. Gall (Switzerland), before his elevationto the bishopric of Metz, a learned linguist, poet, and man of letters;Tu
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