. Guidebook for the identification of woods used for ties and timbers . i. It resembles arborvitae, but has mure of a pinkish hue, a spicy odor,and, as a rule, wider annual rings. APPENDIX. A METHOD OF DISTINGUISHING LONGLEAF FROM SHORTLEAF ANDLOBLOLLY PINE TIES OR TIMBERS. The pith, which is the small darker and softer core at the structuralcenter of the tree trunk, averages larger in longleaf than in shortleafor loblolly pine. See figure 7. In longleaf pine the pith measures over inch in diameter; inthe other two species it is smaller (usually aboul the size of the leadin a lead pencil)
. Guidebook for the identification of woods used for ties and timbers . i. It resembles arborvitae, but has mure of a pinkish hue, a spicy odor,and, as a rule, wider annual rings. APPENDIX. A METHOD OF DISTINGUISHING LONGLEAF FROM SHORTLEAF ANDLOBLOLLY PINE TIES OR TIMBERS. The pith, which is the small darker and softer core at the structuralcenter of the tree trunk, averages larger in longleaf than in shortleafor loblolly pine. See figure 7. In longleaf pine the pith measures over inch in diameter; inthe other two species it is smaller (usually aboul the size of the leadin a lead pencil), except in pieces of vigorous growth, in which it maybe as large as in longleaf. The vigor of a tree at the time the pith was formed is indicated by. the diameter of the second annual ring from outside to outside (which,of course, includes the first ring also . Therefore, when the pith in loblolly and shortleaf is over inchin diameter the diameter of the second annual ring is comparativelylarge; in fact, it is larger than in longleaf having the same sized B. c. FlG. 7.—A, longleaf; B, loblolly: (, shortleaf pine of moderate growth; showing pith (the dark core in thecenter) and diameter of second annual ring, D. All natural size. This is shown in the accompanying diagram (fig. 8), in which aremarked the points where the horizontal lines indicating the diameter of the pith intersect the vertical lines indicating llie diameter of thesecond animal ring of numerous specimens. The line AJB i- sodrawn as to separate the points representing longleaf specimens fromthe points representing loblolly and shortleaf specimens. HOW TO USE THE PITH AND SECOND WM VL Kl\<. FOB DDENTDTN HION. 1. With a sharp knife carefully smooth the end surface of the pithand surrounding wood. 2. If the pith or second annual ring is not clear, moisten thesmoothed surface. :;. If knots are present near the pith, satisfactory measurementscan not be made, and the other end of the timber should be
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