The ice age in North America and its bearing upon the antiquity of man5th edwith many new maps and illus., enland rewritten to incorporate the facts that bring it up to date, with chapters on Lake Agassiz and the Probable cause of glaciation . l along thevalley and especially at Pocatello where an immense bowlderbed was deposited. (See figures on pages 615 and 703.) Note to the Fourth Edition.—Since the following chapter uponKarnes was written, a partially successful effort has been made todistinguish between kames and eskers; but the distinction is not sowell defined as to make it necessary t
The ice age in North America and its bearing upon the antiquity of man5th edwith many new maps and illus., enland rewritten to incorporate the facts that bring it up to date, with chapters on Lake Agassiz and the Probable cause of glaciation . l along thevalley and especially at Pocatello where an immense bowlderbed was deposited. (See figures on pages 615 and 703.) Note to the Fourth Edition.—Since the following chapter uponKarnes was written, a partially successful effort has been made todistinguish between kames and eskers; but the distinction is not sowell defined as to make it necessary to rewrite the chapter. Accord-ing to Professor Chamberlin (see Geikies Great Ice Age, thirdedition, p. 746), eskers denote the long gravel ridges which conform ingeneral to the direction of the ice movement, while kames take onthe form of bunchy aggregations of knolls and irregular ridges, andhave a tendency to arrange themselves in belts parallel to the marginof the ice. But it is not to be understood that any sharp line ofdistinction can be drawn between the two types. They are connectedby intermediate forms which are diflHcult to place in either class. Thekames, as well as the eskers, are regarded as products of glacial CHAPTER XIV. KAME8. The word kaiiie has already been defined as a localterm applied to the sharp gravel ridges which abound invarious parts of Scotland, and which in Ireland are calledeskers, and in Sweden osars. As Mr. Geikies workon The Great Ice Age has given currency to the Scotchname, and as the word has been adopted by those who haveinvestigated this class of formations most fully in America,it seems best to continue its use, though either of the othernames is more euphonious. This class of ridges was firstdescribed in this country in 1842 by President EdwardHitchcock. Speaking of the gravel deposits in Andover,Mass., known as Indian Ridge, he says they are a collec-tion of tortuous ridges and rounded and even conical hillswith correspondi
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