Explosives . i- used for the manufacture of numerous dye-stuffs. According to Lunge the distillation of a ton of coal tar yield- on an average : Ammoniaca! liquor .... 30 gallons Naphtha ..... (i-3 gallons Light oils ..... 13-4 to 15-0 gallons Heavy oils . . . tiS gallons Pitch 0-54 ton The treatment of the tar is outlined in the diagram on the next from Aromatic hydrocarbons are present in petroleums obtained in variousparts of the world, but the published information about this is somewhatcontradictory. It has been demonstrated by W. F. Rittman and T. of t
Explosives . i- used for the manufacture of numerous dye-stuffs. According to Lunge the distillation of a ton of coal tar yield- on an average : Ammoniaca! liquor .... 30 gallons Naphtha ..... (i-3 gallons Light oils ..... 13-4 to 15-0 gallons Heavy oils . . . tiS gallons Pitch 0-54 ton The treatment of the tar is outlined in the diagram on the next from Aromatic hydrocarbons are present in petroleums obtained in variousparts of the world, but the published information about this is somewhatcontradictory. It has been demonstrated by W. F. Rittman and T. of the Bureau of Mines that if petroleum be heated underpressure to temperatures of 660 C. and upwards considerable quantities olaromatic hydrocarbons are formed. Toluene and xylene arc apparentlyproduced most easily. Benzene requires more strenuous cracking, and itsformation reaches a maximum at a point where toluene and xylene havealready fallen off considerably. Naphthalene begins to form at about the. N { 3 U^ 250 EXPLOSIVES point where the toluene and xylene contenl is at a maximum, indicating thatit is probably formed by tin- condensation of two molecules ol a monocyclichydrocarbon. Anthracene is formed under similar conditions to naphthalene,but requires even more severe heating. The production of toluene was insome cases 4 per cent, of the original pelroleum and 18 per cent, of the crackedoil. Under manufacturing conditions it would perhaps be possible to obtainconsiderably better This process i- being developed commercially. \V. A. Hall heats petroleum products to aboul 600 <. in order to obtainmotor spirit, ft lias been found that the product sometimes contain- asmuch as 1<» per cent, of toluene and 8 per cent, of The fraction collected a- carbolic oil consists mainly of naphthalene andphenolic substances. The oil is run into tanks and allowed to cool down,whereupon 25 to 30 per cent, of naphthalene crystallizes out. The oil sepa-rated from
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookidexp, booksubjectexplosives
