. Collected reprints / Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories [and] Pacific Oceanographic Laboratories. Oceanography Fig. 5. (Upper) Ships tracks showing typical spatial coverage used to construct temperature maps in Figs. 3 and 4. (Lower) Mean temperature (T) and mean meridional temperature gradient (Tv) averaged over MODE area as a function of time during the experiment. Geostrophic surface currents in the maps vary in speed from zero at the eddy centers to as high as 30 km day-1 in the high-gradient regions between the eddies. The latter is undoubtedly limited
. Collected reprints / Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories [and] Pacific Oceanographic Laboratories. Oceanography Fig. 5. (Upper) Ships tracks showing typical spatial coverage used to construct temperature maps in Figs. 3 and 4. (Lower) Mean temperature (T) and mean meridional temperature gradient (Tv) averaged over MODE area as a function of time during the experiment. Geostrophic surface currents in the maps vary in speed from zero at the eddy centers to as high as 30 km day-1 in the high-gradient regions between the eddies. The latter is undoubtedly limited by resolution. The average speed around the periphery of an eddy is about 20 km day-1. If an eddy were stationary it would take about one month for surface water to go around it once at this speed. 4. Surface temperature advection By comparing maps in Figs. 3 and 4 it becomes very clear that large-scale features in the surface temperature field are due primarily to eddy surface currents which advectively distort the mean meridional To facilitate this comparison we have cross- hatched on the maps of dynamic topography all those areas of the sea surface which are cooler than the mean temperature of the corresponding temperature map. Note, in particular, the situation during the period 9-30 March in Fig. 3. Here, the interplay be- 3 Ideally one would like to quantify this statement by numerical correlation between temperature and eddy fields. The density of our data set is not high enough, unfortunately, to make such a correlation statistically significant. tween four apparent eddies advects southward a 200- 300 km tongue of cool northern water along longitude 70°30'\V, and advects northward a similar tongue of warm southern water along 69°00'\Y. Similar patterns occur in the other maps. At times, isolated pools of warm water (30 April-14 May) or cool water (14 June- 28 June) are formed as a result of the eddy currents. Important changes can occur within the mapping p
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