. Characteristics and hybridization of important intermountain shrubs. Compositae Rocky Mountains; Shrubs Rocky Mountains; Sunflowers Great Basin; Shrubs Great Basin. Figure 4.—Mountain big sagebrush (Artemisia tridenta a ssp. vaseyana) growing in a luxuriant stand of smooth brome (Bromus inermis) in Ephraim canyon^ Utah. Artemisias contain a variety of natural chemical products, most notably terpenoids and phenolics. Many individual compounds have been isolated and identified, particularly in recent years. Terpenoids include the monoterpenes of the essential oils that produce the characterist
. Characteristics and hybridization of important intermountain shrubs. Compositae Rocky Mountains; Shrubs Rocky Mountains; Sunflowers Great Basin; Shrubs Great Basin. Figure 4.—Mountain big sagebrush (Artemisia tridenta a ssp. vaseyana) growing in a luxuriant stand of smooth brome (Bromus inermis) in Ephraim canyon^ Utah. Artemisias contain a variety of natural chemical products, most notably terpenoids and phenolics. Many individual compounds have been isolated and identified, particularly in recent years. Terpenoids include the monoterpenes of the essential oils that produce the characteristic odors of sagebrushes and wormwoods (Guenther 1952; Halligan 1975; Buttkus and others 1977; Scholl and others 1977). Sesquiterpene lactones are another class of terpenoids common in the Artemisias (Kelsey and others 1973; Geissman and Irwin 1974; Rodriguez and others 1976). Two principal classes of phenolic compounds are pre- sent, the coumarins (Shafizadeh and Melnikoff 1970; Brown and others 1975) and the flavonoids (Rodriguez and others 1972; Segal and others 1973; Brown and others 1975). In addition to terpenoids and phenolics, a third class of chemicals--the alkane hydrocarbons--was studied by Bachelor and others (1972). The rich array of natural chemical products in Artemisia has proven to be useful in delimiting taxonomic boundaries (Hanks and others 1973; Kelsey and others 1973; and Geissman and Irwin 1974). Although the physiological importance of many of the natural chemical products is unknown, some have been implicated in the allelopathic properties of Artemisia. Many Artemisias have allelopathic qualities; under certain conditions they may chemically inhibit growth of seedlings and established plants of competitive species, and even growth of their own seedlings. These allelopathic qualities might contribute to the dominant position of sagebrushes and wormwoods in many communities. A. odlifomica, A. absinthium^ A. herba- aVba, A. vulgaris, A. tridentata, and A.
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