. The Encyclopædia britannica; a dictionary of arts, sciences, literature and general information. ner circular (see fig. 2).In the large intestine the longitudinal fibres, instead of beingarranged evenly round the tube as they are in the small, aregathered into three longitudinal bands called taeniae {see fig. i);by the contraction of these the large intestine is thrown into aseries of sacculi or slight pouches. The taeniae in the caecumall lead to the vermiform appendix, and form a useful guideto this structure. In the rectum the three taeniae once morebecome evenly arranged over the whole s
. The Encyclopædia britannica; a dictionary of arts, sciences, literature and general information. ner circular (see fig. 2).In the large intestine the longitudinal fibres, instead of beingarranged evenly round the tube as they are in the small, aregathered into three longitudinal bands called taeniae {see fig. i);by the contraction of these the large intestine is thrown into aseries of sacculi or slight pouches. The taeniae in the caecumall lead to the vermiform appendix, and form a useful guideto this structure. In the rectum the three taeniae once morebecome evenly arranged over the whole surface of the bowel,but more thickly on the anterior and posterior parts. Thecircular layer is always thicker than the longitudinal; in thesmaU intestine it decreases in thickness from the duodenum tothe ileum, but in the large it gradually increases again, so thatit is thickest in the duodenum and rectum. iitnr*»u.«<s CL«Ma% ^p,. 1 ** * V Miisojlaru Circularmusculiir fibres LonifitudinnI muscuUir tibrts Peritooei Liebcrkiihnseland Circularmuscular fibres Longitudinal ^ muscular tibrcs ^. larismucosaeBrunncrsViands Circularmuscular fibres Lonsitudinalmuscular fibresPeritooeum Blood-vesselsformioz ueT-worle io sub-mucosa Blood-vcsuJ SMALL INTESTilJC X 20From A. Birmineham : Cuaniasbams Text-Book of Anatomy. Fig. 2.—Diagram to show the structure of the small and large intestineand the duodenum. The submucous coat is very strong and consists of looseareolar tissue in which the vessels break up. The mucous coat is thick and vascular (see ); it consistsof an epithelial layer most internally which forms the intestinalglands (see Epithelial, Entjothelial antj Glandular Tissues).External to this is the basement membrane, outside which is alayer of retiform tissue, and this is separated from the submucouscoat by a very thin layer of unstriped muscle called the muscu-laris mucosae. In the duodenum and jejunum the mucousmembrane is thrown into a series of transverse pleats c
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