Elements of mineralogy, crystallography and blowpipe analysis from a practical standpoint .. . ted as oxychloride by the addition ofwater. The metal may be further purified electrolytically. Whenin the cupellation of lead ore bismuth is found to be present, it isrecovered by saving the last products of oxidation and the hearthof the furnace, grinding these and treating them with hot stronghydrochloric acid. After settling and cooling the liquid is siphonedoff and diluted with water, by which a precipitate of the oxychlo-ride is produced, which, after being dissolved in hydrochloric acidand rep
Elements of mineralogy, crystallography and blowpipe analysis from a practical standpoint .. . ted as oxychloride by the addition ofwater. The metal may be further purified electrolytically. Whenin the cupellation of lead ore bismuth is found to be present, it isrecovered by saving the last products of oxidation and the hearthof the furnace, grinding these and treating them with hot stronghydrochloric acid. After settling and cooling the liquid is siphonedoff and diluted with water, by which a precipitate of the oxychlo-ride is produced, which, after being dissolved in hydrochloric acidand reprecipitated some two or three times to separate lead chloride,is easily reduced to metallic bismuth by fusion with soda, or lime,charcoal and a silicious slag. BISMUTH Native Bismuth. Fig. 460. CoiMPOSiTiON—Bi, often alloyed with As orimpure ftom S or Te. General Description.—A brittle silver-white mineral with a reddish tinge, usually dis-seminated through the gangue in branchinghnes, Fig. 460, or in isolated grains or in indistinct hexagonal crystals. Schneeberg, LEAD AND BISMUTH MINERALS. 253 Physical Characters. H., 2 to Sp. gr., to , metallic. Opaque. Streak, silver white. Tenacity, sectile to brittle. Color, reddish silver white. Before Blowpipe, Etc.—On charcoal fuses easily and volatilizescompletely, coating the charcoal with a yellow sublimate. Withbismuth flux forms a chocolate brown and red coating which is bestseen on plaster, and which is changed by action of ammonia fumesto red and orange. Soluble in strong nitric acid from which solu-tion water will precipitate a white basic salt. Similar Species.—Bismuth is characterized by its silver streak,reddish tinge, and arborescent structure. Remarks.—Bismuth occurs in crystalline rocks and clay slate associated with ores ofcobalt, nickel, silver, gold, lead and zinc, also with molybdenite, wolframite, native metal is not found in any quantity in the United
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