. The story of textiles; a bird's-eye view of the history of the beginning and the growth of the industry by which mankind is clothed. artificial production of vegetabledyes. Artificial indigo was worked out by Basyer in then many coloring products have been discovered,so the aniline process has largely taken the place of vege-table matters wherever the aniline colors have been foundto be permanent. The fugitive nature of aniline dyes hasprecluded, however, the use of some of them where fastcolors have been desired. During the evolution of the dyeing process, work wasunder way in th
. The story of textiles; a bird's-eye view of the history of the beginning and the growth of the industry by which mankind is clothed. artificial production of vegetabledyes. Artificial indigo was worked out by Basyer in then many coloring products have been discovered,so the aniline process has largely taken the place of vege-table matters wherever the aniline colors have been foundto be permanent. The fugitive nature of aniline dyes hasprecluded, however, the use of some of them where fastcolors have been desired. During the evolution of the dyeing process, work wasunder way in the perfection of vats, boilers, and the neces-sary machinery for dyeing, so that by the time the dyeingprocess was brought to its present perfection the ma-chinery needed for the proper distillation of dyes was athand. The process of dyeing has not been determined positivelyeither as a physical or chemical process. It is based upon ^ a9 O fB >-• ft n r+ p vo ? Oj CL tc Ho si tr-^ Sg: m O^ ffi *t3 ^ S S ^^^ tro. ^ B- P £^ < s:i re p-cg O Ei re ; re « rere o g p-Pre (w. THE STORY OF TEXTILES 119 the affinity between the fibre of the fabric and the is very much more readily dyed than cotton, andsilk occupies an intermediate position. In many instances,cotton requires the use of a metallic base to form the agentby which the dyestuff can fix itself to the cotton once the dye has become fixed, either in wool, cotton,silk, or linen, the perfection of the process is measured bythe degree to which the dye is unaffected either by light orwater. PRINTING Textile printing originated in China and India; also waspractised by the Incas of Peru, Chile, and Mexico previousto the Spanish invasion of 1519. The Chinese used en-graved wooden blocks, as did also the Egyptians. Tothem the process of printing was made known by thePhoenicians and Arab traders. Textile printing came into Europe in two ways,—byland and by sea. The great caravan routes through Persiaand A
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