. First century of national existence; the United States as they were and f they are of the legalfineness. They are then annealed, and rolledinto long thin strips by means of a steam en-gine. These strips are then drawn throughplates of the hardeststeel, to proper thickness,and by a steam press cut into -planchetsor pieces of the exact size of the coin wanted,at the rate of ICO per minute. These arethen cleaned, annealed, whitened, weighed,and placed in a tulie, which slides them oneby one into a steel collar, in which they |)iece is seized, stamped with perfect im-pressions on
. First century of national existence; the United States as they were and f they are of the legalfineness. They are then annealed, and rolledinto long thin strips by means of a steam en-gine. These strips are then drawn throughplates of the hardeststeel, to proper thickness,and by a steam press cut into -planchetsor pieces of the exact size of the coin wanted,at the rate of ICO per minute. These arethen cleaned, annealed, whitened, weighed,and placed in a tulie, which slides them oneby one into a steel collar, in which they |)iece is seized, stamped with perfect im-pressions on both sides by the dies, and in-stantly pushed away to be followed by ano-ther piece. The devices on these dies are firstcut in soft steel. This original die is thenhardened, and is to im|>ress a piece ofsoft steel, which is ihen like a cohi with thefigures raised, and is called a nub. Thisbeing again hardened, is used to impress thedies, with which the coining is done, and apair of them will do two weeks work. Thecoining presses are of sizes proportionate tothe INSURANCE-FIRE AND MARINE. The history of Fire Insurance dates backonly to the year following the Great Fire inLondon in 1606, if indeed it can be said to have had any clearly defined existence be-fore the year 1G96, when the first organizedassociation was formed, based upon the sim-ple principle of contribution in tlie shape ofannual premiums proportionate to theamount of projierty insured, to a commonfund, out of wliich the losses of its variousmemljers were to be made good. This as-j sociation was very appropriately styled theI Hand in Hand, or Amicable Contribution; Society, and was strictly mutual in cliarac-j ter. A number of attempts had been madej for some system of Fire Insurance as early1 as 16G9, all of which proved abortive, asdid the attempt of the City of London in1681 to settle lands and ground rents to the! value of £10,(iOO, together with the sums: to be received for premiums, as a fund
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Keywords: ., bookauthorhodgejam, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, bookyear1874
