. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America. Geology. 292 W. H HOBBS—GUADIX FORMATION OF GRANADA, SPAIN saturated with water until one of the earthquakes so characteristic of the province sets loose a large mass to slide down and be soon dispersed by the torrent below. The banks of many fmrnari present great scars, the freshness of whose surfaces furnishes an indication of their relative age. On the fiumare Oliveri, between the Calabrian village of Aiello and the Tyrrhenean coast (a distance of about 10 kilometers), a number of these great scars were seen, the largest caused by a landslide
. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America. Geology. 292 W. H HOBBS—GUADIX FORMATION OF GRANADA, SPAIN saturated with water until one of the earthquakes so characteristic of the province sets loose a large mass to slide down and be soon dispersed by the torrent below. The banks of many fmrnari present great scars, the freshness of whose surfaces furnishes an indication of their relative age. On the fiumare Oliveri, between the Calabrian village of Aiello and the Tyrrhenean coast (a distance of about 10 kilometers), a number of these great scars were seen, the largest caused by a landslide during the past year. In this category must be placed also the mass of soft rock (which has been estimated at 7,000 cubic feet) which was precipitated from the castle rock upon the town itself by the earthquake of September 8, 1905. The torrential deposits which border southern Italy between the moun- tains and the sea appear to be in part of Quaternary age (especially those bordering the straits of Messina) ; they are also in part Recent, and in part they are pre-Quaternary. Cortese, who has furnished the best re- port upon the region,* ascribed much of the Recent and some of the. Figure 3.—Faulted torrential Deposits at Rossano, Calabria. Quaternary deposits to a fluviatile origin through the agency of the torrenti, and stress is laid upon the difficulty of delimiting the several formations. The occurrence of these deposits in distinct pianos or shelves on the seaward side of the Apennines he explains by the existence of such topographic forms in the surface of the underlying crystalline terrane; and with this view the writer is in full Within the extensive arid regions of the western United States the present-day importance of the torrent and the desert lake in filling the valleys and fashioning the topography has been generally recognized by the geologists who have studied the region. Probable torrential Origin of many Sandstones and Conglom- erates A terrane
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