Diseases of the chest and the principles of physical diagnosis . common in infants and PHYSICAL FINDINGS IN INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN 141 children, especiallj^ in high strung youngsters and following infections(seep. 172). Extrasystoles are also common, more so indeed in children with ap-parently normal hearts than in those with definite valvular is frequent after five years of age and bradycardia may occurduring convalescence from fevers and in association with jaundice. Auricular fibrillation is rarely met with and when encountered isusually only noted in fatal cases of
Diseases of the chest and the principles of physical diagnosis . common in infants and PHYSICAL FINDINGS IN INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN 141 children, especiallj^ in high strung youngsters and following infections(seep. 172). Extrasystoles are also common, more so indeed in children with ap-parently normal hearts than in those with definite valvular is frequent after five years of age and bradycardia may occurduring convalescence from fevers and in association with jaundice. Auricular fibrillation is rarely met with and when encountered isusually only noted in fatal cases of diphtheria or rheumatic -RL Fig. 114.—Horizontal section of a new-horn infants thorax at the upper level of theensiform cartilage: showang its cylindrical shape. , left lung; , pulmonary aorta;, left lobe, and , right lobe of thymus body; , ascending part of aortic arch;, superior vena cava; , right lung; , bifurcation of trachea; E , esophagus;A., descending part of aortic arch. {After Fetterolf and Gittings.) Auricular flutter is even more unusual, although Ritchie has reported twocases in children under ten years. Heart block also has been observed inassociation with diphtheria. The prognostic significance of arrhythmia in children is essentiallythe same as in adults.^ Auscultation.—Respiration in infants and young children is irregularin rhythm and very irregular in depth. (Respiration being entirely apostnatal function, development of this function is relatively does not become fully developed until the child has become active uponits feet. This early ir
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