. The grandeur that was Rome; a survey of Roman culture and civilisation:. rrero observes, out ofmere statistical curiosity. Probably no tribute had come infrom Gaul during the civil wars, and Augustus was muchconcerned with finance. For the moment an outbreak in Spaincalled the emperor away, but five years later he returned tocomplete his work. The old province, which has passed intohistory as Provence, was now handed back to the senate as com-pletely pacified, and the rest of Gaul was eventually dividedinto three parts: Aquitania, the half-Spanish south-west; Lug-dunensis (the east and centr
. The grandeur that was Rome; a survey of Roman culture and civilisation:. rrero observes, out ofmere statistical curiosity. Probably no tribute had come infrom Gaul during the civil wars, and Augustus was muchconcerned with finance. For the moment an outbreak in Spaincalled the emperor away, but five years later he returned tocomplete his work. The old province, which has passed intohistory as Provence, was now handed back to the senate as com-pletely pacified, and the rest of Gaul was eventually dividedinto three parts: Aquitania, the half-Spanish south-west; Lug-dunensis (the east and centre stretching right across Francewith its capital Lyons or Lugdunum on its eastern border); andBelgica (the northern part with Trier—Augusta Treverorum,not yet founded—and Rheims as its chief towns). This divisionwas mainly, though not entirely, based on racial the three formed one of Ca.*sars provinces asGallia Comata. • Mayst thou [Fortune] preserve Caesar, who marches agaiost the Britonsat the ends of the earth. (OJes, I. xxxv. 29-30.)210. AUGUSTUS The treatment of the conquered land was wise and religion, already a waning force, was permitted toexist, though it included human sacrifice and was hostile to theRomans. In the reign of Claudius it was forbidden. Butother native deities were actually encouraged by the state, andAugustus himself built an altar to some strange Gallic side by side with the native religion he fostered the newcult, as in Asia, of Rome and Augustus. There had alwaysbeen tribal councils which culminated in a great nationalgathering at Lugdunum once a year. Apparently the presidingpriests had been elected from the well-born natives and werein opposition to the Druids. Augustus made skilful use ofthis organisation and fostered it in order to make it a centrefor Roman patriotism. He set up a great altar at Lugdunuminscribed to Rome and Augustus. It was constructed in asacred grove, and was surrounde
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