. American bee journal. Bee culture; Bees. Aug. 10, 1899. AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL 501 have been exceedingly strong. This has been achieved by noticing- that drones were produced, and swarming also, when the queen in full "lay" received severe checks; these "checks," at such a time, I distinctly noticed, produced drones or male bees, while freedom from checks, which en- abled a queen to go thru her laying season, produced female or workers only, with but very few males. If, therefore, bee- keepers can govern the production of males at will, the breeders of other stock ought to
. American bee journal. Bee culture; Bees. Aug. 10, 1899. AMERICAN BEE JOURNAL 501 have been exceedingly strong. This has been achieved by noticing- that drones were produced, and swarming also, when the queen in full "lay" received severe checks; these "checks," at such a time, I distinctly noticed, produced drones or male bees, while freedom from checks, which en- abled a queen to go thru her laying season, produced female or workers only, with but very few males. If, therefore, bee- keepers can govern the production of males at will, the breeders of other stock ought to be able to do the same if they know the law that affects the produce of male and female. Fowl fanciers can induce birds to lay very early in the season, and ensure that a fair percentage of the eggs are fertile; but such eggs mostly produce cockerels, and the more fertile the hen the greater the percentage of cockerels. Now if we notice that checks are much more likely to be produced early in the season, when the weather is more variable than later on, and that these changes of tempera- ture would chiefly affect the fowls whose ovaries were the most developt, we get at the reason why eggs set early pro- duce a preponderance of male birds. The queen-wasp gets in f uU " lay " more towards the fruiting part of the year than does the queen-bee, and at such time cold nights begin to set in, and greater atmos- pheric changes take place than during midsummer. This has the effect of causing her to produce some drone-eggs while she laid only worker-eggs previously. Animals gen- erally are more equal in the production of males and females than bees and wasps. On the other hand, the queens of bees and wasps, altho their ovaries are far more largely developt than those of other animals, and would be thereby more liable to be affected by checks, yet they are better protected against outside influences than animals generally. The mother-bee, like the mother-wasp, is in the midst of
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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1860, booksubjectbees, bookyear1861
