. The Eastern Bering Sea Shelf : oceanography and resources / edited by Donald W. Hood and John A. Calder . I 74= 173° 17 2= 171° 170° 169° 168° 167° 166° 165= Figure 13-2. The location of CTD stations taken during the first two weel^s of March 1979 from the NOAA ship Surveyor. thermistor string (± C) was used. This method also provided air temperature measurements near the surface. Although temperatures were measured within a few centimeters of the air-sea interface, they are considered representative of more extensive layers since turbulence from the ship's wake provided mechanical mixing
. The Eastern Bering Sea Shelf : oceanography and resources / edited by Donald W. Hood and John A. Calder . I 74= 173° 17 2= 171° 170° 169° 168° 167° 166° 165= Figure 13-2. The location of CTD stations taken during the first two weel^s of March 1979 from the NOAA ship Surveyor. thermistor string (± C) was used. This method also provided air temperature measurements near the surface. Although temperatures were measured within a few centimeters of the air-sea interface, they are considered representative of more extensive layers since turbulence from the ship's wake provided mechanical mixing. Salinity was determined from bucket samples using an auto-salinometer. With a motorized psychrometer, hourly dry-bulb and air temperatures were taken at the bridge throughout the cruise. However, problems were encountered with the wet-bulb thermometer readings and the data were discarded as unreliable. The bridge measurements were made approximately 10 m above the surface. In general, the water temperature was above the freezing point of the ice except for that measured in CTD cast No. 1, 80 miles south of Nunivak Island in 30 m of water on March 2. Floes were rotting from the bottom west of this area. Melt puddles were not formed as in the traditional summer Arctic melt condition, but some floes were wetted when waves washed over them. Details of the mechanical effects of the swell on the ice and resulting edge processes are discussed by Martin and Bauer (Chapter 12, this volume). A major feature of the water column along the ice edge was fresh cold water due to ice melt. CTD sections perpendicular to the ice edge west of the Nunivak area showed a meltwater lens (Fig. 13-4). The pycnocline downwind of the pack edge was slightly deeper than that under the ice itself, ap- parently because ice cover protects the water column from wind-mixing; but the exact shape of the front is speculative. The ice in this figure was in surface waters of = C, although ice was observe
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