. Air brake text for engineers and firemen; . ing prop-erly and freezing in winter, thus putting the entire brake systemout of service. Only a small amount of this water results fromleakage past the piston rod of the cylinder. The neglect of theengineman to drain the main reservoirs has been the direct causeof many air brake failures. An accumulation of water in the mainreservoir is also a frequent cause of brakes sticking, especiallyon long trains, as the water takes up space in the reservoir thatshould be occupied by air. Capacity. The capacity of main reservoirs varies from20,000 to 66,000
. Air brake text for engineers and firemen; . ing prop-erly and freezing in winter, thus putting the entire brake systemout of service. Only a small amount of this water results fromleakage past the piston rod of the cylinder. The neglect of theengineman to drain the main reservoirs has been the direct causeof many air brake failures. An accumulation of water in the mainreservoir is also a frequent cause of brakes sticking, especiallyon long trains, as the water takes up space in the reservoir thatshould be occupied by air. Capacity. The capacity of main reservoirs varies from20,000 to 66,000 cubic inches. Leakage. Leakage is about the only defect which the mainreservoir is subject to, but a leak will very rarely be found in thereservoir itself. All the piping from the pump and from the res-ervoir to the brake valve is considered as part of the reservoir,and it is in these pipes that the leaks usually occur. 28 WESTINGHOUSE AIR PUMP GOVERNORS. i- PI P C- TO MAIN RESERVOIFCONNECTION ZB ONENGINEERS BRAKEVALVE ^ rpipE 34 TO BOILER*X. ^ID PUMP Y PLATE PUMP GOVERNOR—SINGLE. The location of the air pump governor in the brake systemis shown on Plate 2. By following the direction of the arrows shown on Plate lo,which is a cross sectional view of the pump governor with the WESTINGHOUSE AIR PUMP GOVERNORS. 29 valves in their normal position, it will be seen that the steam hasa free passage from connection X to Y. Operation. The purpose of the governor is to cut off thesteam supply, and thus practically stop the pump, when the de-sired air pressure in the main reservoir and brake pipe has beenattained. The air pressure connection to the governor is at adjustment of the governor is regulated by means of adjust-ing nut 40, which regulates the tension of spring 41 upon dia-phragm 42. When the tension of spring 41 is greater than the airpressure in chamber a, the diaphragm holds the small pin valve 47upon its seat; but when the air pressure underneath diaphragm42 be
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