Etna : a history of the mountain and of its eruptions . tain. Foralthough in the main points it is correct, so many detail*have been omitted that the map must be consideredto have now been quite superseded by those of YonWaltershausen and Friedrich Hoffmann. The most convenient geological map of the mountainis without doubt that of Hoffmann, given in theVulkanen Atlas of Dr. Yon Leonhard; and here repro-duced. Yon Waltershausens geological map has beenthe foundation of all others which have subsequentlyappeared. It is a marvel of accurate work, and patientindustry. The form however is inconven
Etna : a history of the mountain and of its eruptions . tain. Foralthough in the main points it is correct, so many detail*have been omitted that the map must be consideredto have now been quite superseded by those of YonWaltershausen and Friedrich Hoffmann. The most convenient geological map of the mountainis without doubt that of Hoffmann, given in theVulkanen Atlas of Dr. Yon Leonhard; and here repro-duced. Yon Waltershausens geological map has beenthe foundation of all others which have subsequentlyappeared. It is a marvel of accurate work, and patientindustry. The form however is inconvenient, as it no-where appears as a whole, but in separate portions, whichare scattered through the folio sheets of the very expen-sive Atlas des Aetna. It is accurate, and at the sametime very clear and intelligible. By reference to themap it will be seen that from Capo di Schiso westward,to near Paterno, Etna is surrounded by sandstone hills ;at the south we have recent clays, and, at intervals,chalk. A large triangular space having the two angles 117. 118 ETNA. at its base, respectively near Maletto and Aderno,and its apex at the great crater, is covered with newlava ; while around Nicolosi there is volcanic sand. Atthe Isole de Ciclopi, Motta S. Anastasia, and a fewother places, basalt is seen ; on each side of the Val delBove, dolerite ; and near Misterbianco and Piedemonte,small deposits of clay slate. The great mass of thesurface of the mountain, not specially mentioned above,is volcanic tuff. Among the more important and recent additions to ourknowledge of the geology of Etna may be mentionedLyells paper on the subject, communicated to the RoyalSociety in 1858, the matter of which is incorporatedin a lengthy chapter on Etna in the Principles ofGeology. Lyell visited the mountain in 1828, 1857,and 1858, and he then collected together a greatnumber of personal observations; he also made useof the maps and plans of Yon Waltershausen, andhe has analysed the views of Elie de B
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