. The development of the American rail and track . Figs. 48,49, 50, Rails, 1855. (From models, full size, in the U. S. National Museum.) The obtuse angle between the lower side of the head and the stem ofthe rail made it difficult to apply a splice bar of any kind to advantage,and this fact led to the introduction of the ring joint (see Fig. 120) (oneiron ring passing through two slots, one in each stem of adjacent railsand passing around under the base of the rail and held in position by1 a wedge driven between the ring and the rail stem). Chairs and otheri| I joint fixtures at


. The development of the American rail and track . Figs. 48,49, 50, Rails, 1855. (From models, full size, in the U. S. National Museum.) The obtuse angle between the lower side of the head and the stem ofthe rail made it difficult to apply a splice bar of any kind to advantage,and this fact led to the introduction of the ring joint (see Fig. 120) (oneiron ring passing through two slots, one in each stem of adjacent railsand passing around under the base of the rail and held in position by1 a wedge driven between the ring and the rail stem). Chairs and otheri| I joint fixtures attached entirely to the base of the rail were also experi- 676 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1889. menled with, but generally without satisfaction, judging from the ft ctthat none have survived. The difficulty in making good joints with the pear headed rail w asovercome, by some of the engineers, by planing away a portion of tl Jehead of the rail for a foot or 18 inches from each end. In Fig. 52 is. Fig. Rail with ends stamped for Adams Cast-Iron Bracket Silice, 1857. (From a drawing in the U. S. National Museum.) shown a section of the pear-headed rail, fitted for splice bar, used onthe Erie Railroad. On this rail a cast-iron angle splice, containing fourbolts and measuring 9 inches in length, was used as early as 1857. On the Pennsylvania Railroad and on the Belvidere-Delaware Rail-road, as will be seen in Fig. 53, the rails in some cases were planed with


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, bookpublisherwashingtongovtprin