. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. Figure 29.—The Pennsylvania was the largest steam locomotive in the world when constructed by Millholland in 1863; this 50-ton locomotive was in service until 1885. One pair of driving wheels was removed in 1870. These were pronounced superior to any other coal btirners tested on that road and were said to have saved 7 cents a mile over the road's wood burners.'^ The Erie purchased a large number of Mogul freight locomotives between 1862 and 1865, all of which were built with Millholland The New Jersey Railroad and Tr
. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. Figure 29.—The Pennsylvania was the largest steam locomotive in the world when constructed by Millholland in 1863; this 50-ton locomotive was in service until 1885. One pair of driving wheels was removed in 1870. These were pronounced superior to any other coal btirners tested on that road and were said to have saved 7 cents a mile over the road's wood burners.'^ The Erie purchased a large number of Mogul freight locomotives between 1862 and 1865, all of which were built with Millholland The New Jersey Railroad and Transportation Com- pany also acquired three engines similarly equipped. The Lancaster Locomotive Works in 1865 advertised that it would build locomotives with the ". . cele- brated coal burning boiler of Mr. James Millhol- ; "^ Probably the most impressive testament to Millholland was the trial of his firebox by the Paris and Orleans Railway.'" Millholland sent his chief assistant Levi B. Paxson to France to supervise the reconstruction of the French engines. Incidental to the use of the boiler by other com- panies was MillhoUand's injector for supplying water to boilers. The injector had been invented by Henri Giffard of France and was introduced in this country about I860.'' While most master mechanics agreed that feedwater pumps were troublesome, early in- jectors were expensive and unreliable. Millholland sought to remedy these complaints with a simplified design. In his patent specification (No. 35,575) of June 10, 1862, the inventor claimed his injector could be made at )iaih the cost of an equal Giffard injector. MillhoUand's son James carried the argument even further by stating that an injector made by his father for S4 was equal to a SI80 Giffard injector.'' The actual cost and success of MillhoUand's injector remains a question, but the Reading was one of the first railroads to use injectors on its locomotives. The device did not gain univer
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