James VI & I King Scots Charles I George Villiers 1st Duke Buckingham council interview advice regal royal kingly princely
James VI & I (19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scots as James VI and King of England and Ireland as James I. Upon inheriting the English and Irish crown, James united the Crown of the Kingdom of Scotland with the crown of the Kingdoms of England and Ireland. The states of England and Scotland retained their individual sovereignty, with their own parliaments, judiciary, and laws, though both were ruled by James. At 57 years and 246 days, his reign in Scotland was longer than any of his predecessors. Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was the second son of James VI of Scots and I of England. He was King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. Charles engaged in a struggle for power with the Parliament of England, attempting to obtain royal revenue whilst Parliament sought to curb his Royal prerogative which Charles believed was divinely ordained. Many of his English subjects opposed his actions, in particular his interference in the English and Scottish Churches and the levying of taxes without parliamentary consent which grew to be seen as those of a tyrannical absolute monarch. George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham KG 28 August 1592 – 23 August 1628 was the favourite, claimed by some to be the lover, of King James I of England. Despite a very patchy political and military record, he remained at the height of royal favour for the first two years of the reign of Charles I, until he was assassinated. He was one of the most rewarded royal courtiers in all history.
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