Mongolia: Tayisung Khan Toghtoa Bukha (r. 1439–1453), khagan of the Northern Yuan Dynasty, 20th century. Taisun Khan/Tayisung Khan Toghtoa Bukha (1416-1453) was crowned khagan in 1433 by the Oirats of Western Mongolia, who wished to use him as a pawn. He fought against Adai Khan, the khagan of the eastern and central Mongol clans, to try and reunite Mongolia, killing him in 1438. He waged war against Ming China as part of his ambitions to restore the glory of the Mongol Empire, even capturing the Zhengtong Emperor. However, he was betrayed by his younger brother Agbarjin and died in 1453.

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