. Ontario Sessional Papers, 1894, . hed. The Easts in the Roadway. Clean gravel is always desirable, and should be used whenever it ear beobtained, [f the soil in the roadway i- found t be f a sticky clayey nature,we can imp: v by adding a few inches of sand, and repeating this operation every few moni ind works into the clay. If the soil i^ com- ?id we can greatly improve the road by adding a layer of fii-ix inch ff <-lay. In the tir-t instance the I I the stiff and sticky quali- ay, and in the second tality of the -lay counter- the looseness and shiftiness of the sand and helps t
. Ontario Sessional Papers, 1894, . hed. The Easts in the Roadway. Clean gravel is always desirable, and should be used whenever it ear beobtained, [f the soil in the roadway i- found t be f a sticky clayey nature,we can imp: v by adding a few inches of sand, and repeating this operation every few moni ind works into the clay. If the soil i^ com- ?id we can greatly improve the road by adding a layer of fii-ix inch ff <-lay. In the tir-t instance the I I the stiff and sticky quali- ay, and in the second tality of the -lay counter- the looseness and shiftiness of the sand and helps to stiffen it and hold it •h<-r. A little study and application of common place rulefl in each locality. aided by a few experiments, will generally enable as to arrai • and -and DsAisa Hen i ud then- along nearly • i nd a place where the roadwai led by a small stream ; and wl • m is not so lai demand the construction of a bridge r a culvert a small cross dniin may be used 4 57 Victoria. Sessional Papers (No. 36). A. 1804. Fig. 7. Wooden Cross Drain. as a channel to conduct the water across the road ; but this drain should be sub-stantially made, so as to be solid and permanent, for the caving in or washing outof a badly built drain has broken the leg of many a good horse, and has broughtdisaster to many a traveller who has staked his faith on the fidelity of a shiftlessand incompetent pathmaster and gone abroad at night on the country highway. Wooden Cross Drains. Wood is perishable and is not well adapted to the making ot drains, but it ischeap and in many localities it is the only available material from which a draincan be made at a reasonable cost. If stone cannot be had and drain pipe is outof the question, a substantial cross drain can be made of flattened timbers andplanks as shown in Fig. 7. In making this drain the trench is dug across the road in the line of the drain and of sufficient depthand width to contain the timber and planks. Thenthe bottom is carefu
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