. The diseases of children : medical and surgical. me a similar shape, so that the head has a globular or rounded may be nystagmus. The general rounded contour is broken by theprominence of the frontal and parietal eminences ; at these spots the bone 486 Diseases of the Nervous System is thick and solid, and consequently cannot be bulged out like the thinnerbone elsewhere. The skin of the forehead and scalp is thin and shiny frombeing stretched, and the cutaneous veins are distended, especially when theinfant cries ; the eyes project : their axes may be divergent, and there maybe di
. The diseases of children : medical and surgical. me a similar shape, so that the head has a globular or rounded may be nystagmus. The general rounded contour is broken by theprominence of the frontal and parietal eminences ; at these spots the bone 486 Diseases of the Nervous System is thick and solid, and consequently cannot be bulged out like the thinnerbone elsewhere. The skin of the forehead and scalp is thin and shiny frombeing stretched, and the cutaneous veins are distended, especially when theinfant cries ; the eyes project : their axes may be divergent, and there maybe difficulty in closing the eyelids. The infant cannot raise its head, and ifpropped up the head rolls over in a helpless sort of way. The condition ofthe intellect varies considerably \ in the majority of cases, where the hydro-cephalus is moderate in degree, the intellectual powers are suriDrisingly goodwhen it is considered what amount of compression and flattening out thegrey matter on the surface of the brain is exposed to by the accumulation of. Fis gg.—Outline of Head in Chronic a, frontal bones ; bb, parietal bones. fluid in the lateral ventricles. In extreme cases there is certain to be markedintellectual defect, perhaps amounting to idiocy. The limbs are mostlyparetic, and the lower extremities especially are rigid, and flexed upon theabdomen ; permanent contractures are apt to follow, a result probably dueto compression of the pons. Atrophy of the optic nerves may take placefrom compression or stretching of the optic tracts or commissure. Thecourse of the disease is usually chronic, and infants will live for months oreven years, but ordinarily they gradually waste and die. The child shownin fig. I GO, who was 6i^ years of age, had suffered from chronic hydrocephalussince three months old ; he was well nourished ; his head inches in circumference ; he was a complete idiot. The legs were bent CJi ronic Hjdroccphalus 487 at the knee and flexed
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