Elementary treatise on the finishing of white, dyed, and printed cotton goods . Fig. 3. Moveable double cased boiler (pan). which must be a bad conductor, such as, bran,saw-dust, ashes, coke etc. to prevent the loss ofheat and economize the steam. The steam enters by the journals of theboiler, which can be tilted by a simple swivelarrangement in order to be easily emptied forcleaning purposes and for removing the cookedmass. The entrance of the steam, which takesplace through one of the journals, is so arranged MACHINES EMPLOYED IN FINISHING. 73 as to allow steam or water to enter at will —the
Elementary treatise on the finishing of white, dyed, and printed cotton goods . Fig. 3. Moveable double cased boiler (pan). which must be a bad conductor, such as, bran,saw-dust, ashes, coke etc. to prevent the loss ofheat and economize the steam. The steam enters by the journals of theboiler, which can be tilted by a simple swivelarrangement in order to be easily emptied forcleaning purposes and for removing the cookedmass. The entrance of the steam, which takesplace through one of the journals, is so arranged MACHINES EMPLOYED IN FINISHING. 73 as to allow steam or water to enter at will —the steam to boil the mass, the water to cool it,whilst a mechanical agitator, placed above theapparatus, constantly stirs Fig. 4. Three-cased boiler. It was formerly stirred by hand, afterwardsa rotative apparatus was fitted to the boiler, whichonly partly agitated it and did not displace themass in the middle of the boiler, lastly a doubleacting apparatus with eccentric spindle and variedspeed was adopted, and this stirs all the parts 74 FINISHING IN GENERAL. of the starch contained in the boiler, and conse-quently renders them homogeneous. This may bedemonstrated by putting some water into a boiler,and then throwing in a handful of bran. In follow-ing attentively the movements of the particlesof bran they will be seen to occupy successivelyevery part of the boiler. This apparatus is mostly adapted for verythick sizes, and for those which must be madewith great care and exactitude. The apparatus for boiling under pressure,called Simons apparatus, is especially employedfor starches for printed goods, such pastes are notso thick, are more dissolved and less chargedwith earthy matters than the mixings for
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, bookidelementarytr, bookyear1889
