. Canada : a descriptive text book . regular shantymen, whospend most of their lives at the business, but they go into thewoods earlier to begin operations. During the spring and summer, partof these regular lumbermen work in the saw-mills, while the rest are thefamous rivermen who bring down the logs from the shanties to the mills* Canada. 35 On their way to the shanties the men go by rail as far as possible, andare then driven on big lumber sleighs for miles into the woods. Manyof the young farmers bring horses with them and act as teamstersduring the winter. In the preceding summer the fore
. Canada : a descriptive text book . regular shantymen, whospend most of their lives at the business, but they go into thewoods earlier to begin operations. During the spring and summer, partof these regular lumbermen work in the saw-mills, while the rest are thefamous rivermen who bring down the logs from the shanties to the mills* Canada. 35 On their way to the shanties the men go by rail as far as possible, andare then driven on big lumber sleighs for miles into the woods. Manyof the young farmers bring horses with them and act as teamstersduring the winter. In the preceding summer the forest-rangers andthe inspector choose a section of the woods for the seasons opera-tions, and here the shanty is built. It is a long, low log building with aroof sloping from front to rear, a great door at one corner, and bunks forfifty men. The bunks are built along one side and end, in a double row,one above the other, like the berths of a steamship. About the middleof the side opposite the bunks is the caboose, or cooking lire. Here. Lumbermans Log House. sand is laid over a large patch of ground, to the depth of a foot, and thisis the shanty oven. The smoke escapes through a hole in the roof. Thecook first builds a large fire and keeps it going until the sand is red-hotright through. He then rakes off the coals and buries in the burning sandthe flat iron kettles in which he bakes his bread and pork and beans. Hecovers them up and draws back the coals. Everything is cooked beauti-fully in this way; the shanty bread is as white and light as that of the besthousewife in England. All meals are much alike and consist of fresh bread,baked pork and beans, molasses, rice, and tea with plenty of sugar. 36 CANADA, When the men reach the shanty they are divided by the foreman intofour gangs, each with a boss and a special class of work to do. The bestmen fell the trees and cut them into logs. Another lot drag the logs to acentral point for the teamsters who draw them to the lake or river
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