. The Bell System technical journal . d DUST PARTICLE_- CAUSING OPENCONTACT ---^DUST PARTICLEJUST CLEARED. Fig. 3 — Particle in open zone. 1380 THE BELL SYSTEM TECHNICAL JOURNAL, NOVEMBER 1954 / -y / / QLLI / % LU -I / / zo 1- ; y / ,/* y / y n — 06 2 NX9J d Fig. 4 — iNx<p/d). Accumu lative probabi lity di stril )ution of fraction cleared f every half-open persists indefinitely, and is given by (P<)oo = H^s . Inother words, hij replacing single contacts by twin contacts the frequency offailures is decreased by only one third.

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. The Bell System technical journal . d DUST PARTICLE_- CAUSING OPENCONTACT ---^DUST PARTICLEJUST CLEARED. Fig. 3 — Particle in open zone. 1380 THE BELL SYSTEM TECHNICAL JOURNAL, NOVEMBER 1954 / -y / / QLLI / % LU -I / / zo 1- ; y / ,/* y / y n — 06 2 NX9J d Fig. 4 — iNx<p/d). Accumu lative probabi lity di stril )ution of fraction cleared f every half-open persists indefinitely, and is given by (P<)oo = H^s . Inother words, hij replacing single contacts by twin contacts the frequency offailures is decreased by only one third. In practice, however, /^ is rarelythat low and under the wide variety of central office conditions it mayrange between and This corresponds to a range of performanceof Pt = Ps to Ps or the frequency of twin-contact failures isabout yiioV2Q that of single contacts. CLEARING AN OPEN BY MECHANICAL OPERATION IntrodvA^tion Fig. 3 shows a diagrammatic sketch of the contact area with sphericalparticles preventing metallic contact. The surface irregularity has aslope <p and the

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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, booksubjecttechnology, bookyear1