. Reports of explorations and surveys, to ascertain the most practicable and economical route for a railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean . ductions, natural features, and general character. In the Hell-Gate valley snowwas from four to six inches deep, but in the Bitter Root there was none at all, and it seemedas if he had entered an entirely different region and climate. Garry had pushed the expressup Clark8 Fork in December, where he arrived early in January. The greatest depth ofsnow found in the latter part of December and early in January on the route was one
. Reports of explorations and surveys, to ascertain the most practicable and economical route for a railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean . ductions, natural features, and general character. In the Hell-Gate valley snowwas from four to six inches deep, but in the Bitter Root there was none at all, and it seemedas if he had entered an entirely different region and climate. Garry had pushed the expressup Clark8 Fork in December, where he arrived early in January. The greatest depth ofsnow found in the latter part of December and early in January on the route was one Mullans letter is dated the 12th of January, at which time the Indian started onhis return, passing down Clarks Fork from about the 15th to the 25th of January. Thegreatest depth of snow on the entire route was then a foot and a half. In regard to Higgins, he went up Clarks Fork in the month of March, finding no difficultyin moving along with horses, having taken the precaution to supply himself with forage, andthere was no difficulty whatever on his return trip. On the 25th of March I had made my arrangements to leave the next day with my report. NARRATIVE OP 1853. 173 for the city of Washington, when early that day Lieutenant Grover arrived, having triumph-antly carried out his enterprise of passing over all the ranges in the winter, from the watersof the Missouri to the lower Columbia. The following is the substance of his operations fromthe date of my parting from him at Fort Benton to our meeting to-day. LIEUTENANT GROVERS EXPLORATIONS FROM THE MISSOURI TO THE LOWER COLUMBIA. The Great Falls of the Missouri are situated about 75 miles by land above the fort. There are five principal cascades ; the first of twenty-five feet fall, about three miles belowthe mouth of Sun river; the second nearly three miles below this, of five feet eleven inches;and immediately below it the third. Here, between high banks, a ledge, nearly as straight asif formed by art, runs obliquely a
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