Serotinous pine tree cones, one with seeds released after heat exposure, the other closed


Many pine trees are adapted to ecosystems habitats with frequent fires. The cones of these species are sealed closed with a resin. When exposed to high temperatures during a fire, the resin melts and the cones open releasing seeds to repopulate the burned area. This is known as fire succession, a type of secondary succession.


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Photo credit: © Martin Shields / Alamy / Afripics
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Keywords: adapted, cone, ecological, ecology, evergreen, fire, gymnosperm, heat, open, pine, pinecone, pinus, pioneer, regeneration, released, reproduction, seeds, serotinous, species, succession, tree