. The Bee-keepers' review. Bee culture. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW. scarcely a bee to be seen on them, while the entire force of the yard was going miles from home, in search of the same kind of honey. In conclusion I will say that the bee- keeper who has a large yard of bees, and counts his crop of honey by the ton, and supposes that it is gathered in a two- or three-mile range, has but a limited knowl- edge of the range that his bees will oc- cupy. De Kai^b Junction, N. Y., Dec. 6, 1899. INTER - TEMPERATURE OF THE CLUvSTER. BY HARRY S. HOWE. A discussion in the Review leads me to look up the su
. The Bee-keepers' review. Bee culture. THE BEE-KEEPERS' REVIEW. scarcely a bee to be seen on them, while the entire force of the yard was going miles from home, in search of the same kind of honey. In conclusion I will say that the bee- keeper who has a large yard of bees, and counts his crop of honey by the ton, and supposes that it is gathered in a two- or three-mile range, has but a limited knowl- edge of the range that his bees will oc- cupy. De Kai^b Junction, N. Y., Dec. 6, 1899. INTER - TEMPERATURE OF THE CLUvSTER. BY HARRY S. HOWE. A discussion in the Review leads me to look up the subject of hive- temperatures. Among the literature on the subject I found a thesis written for the degree of B. S. by Mr. H. C. Mc Lallen, in Cornell University. This I have reviewed, and think it may be of interest from two points of view; one to show the class of work un- dertaken at Cor- nell, the other on account of its prac- tical bearing upon the wintering problem. In these experiments eight colonies were used. Three were wintered in the cellar; the others out of doors. In each hive a thermometer was placed so as to have the bulb in the cluster. In part of the hives there was also one out of the cluster but in the same hive. The read- ings of these were taken twice each day. Owing to the bees moving away from the thermometer there was occasional!)' great fluctuations of temperature, which I have taken no account of in this resume. It was also found that when the bees were disturbed the temperature would sudden-. ly go up three or four degrees. For pur- poses of comparison the winter has been divided into seven periods during which the average daily temperature of the at- mosphere was about the same. In the thesis curves were given showing the varia- tions of temperature for each twelve hours, but the table on the opposite page will show the results fairly well. The figures I have given in round num- bers; disregarding the fractions in the original. It will be noticed that
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